\u5404\u4f4d\u8001\u94c1\u4eec\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u597d\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u7531\u6211\u6765\u4e3a\u5927\u5bb6\u5206\u4eab\u5947\u8ff9mu\u62d3\u5c55\u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u5947\u8ff9MU\u89c9\u9192\u300b\u80cc\u5305\u600e\u4e48\u53c8\u6ee1\u4e86\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u5927\u5bb6\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5230\u5927\u5bb6\uff0c\u8fd8\u671b\u5173\u6ce8\u6536\u85cf\u4e0b\u672c\u7ad9\uff0c\u60a8\u7684\u652f\u6301\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u5927\u7684\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u8c22\u8c22\u5927\u5bb6\u4e86\u54c8\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n
1mu\u7b49\u4e8e1000iu\uff0c1L\u7b49\u4e8e1000ml\u3002iu\/ml\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u5206\u5b50\u4e581000\u5c31\u662fmu\uff0c\u5206\u6bcd\u4e581000\u5c31\u662fL\u3002\u6839\u636e\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u5b66\u53ef\u77e5\u5206\u5b50\u5206\u6bcd\u4e92\u6d88\uff0c\u5373\u7b49\u4e8e\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n
\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7684\u8ba1\u91cf\u5355\u4f4d\u662fIU,\u74f6\u88c5\u5242\u578b\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a40IU\u4e00\u6beb\u5347,\u591a\u662f400IU\u4e00\u74f6,\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a400\u5355\u4f4d\u4e00\u74f6\u30026\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\u5c31\u662f0.15\u6beb\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5404\u79cd\u6fc0\u7d201\u56fd\u9645\u5355\u4f4d\u6298\u5408\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u5236\u5242\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\u4e3a\uff1a\u9ec4\u4f53\u916e1\u6beb\u514b\u3001\u7ed2\u6bdb\u819c\u4fc3\u6027\u817a\u7d200.1\u6beb\u514b\u3001\u5782\u4f53\u6fc0\u7d200.5\u6beb\u514b\u3001\u50ac\u4e73\u6fc0\u7d200.1\u6beb\u514b\u3001\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d2045.4\u5fae\u514b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6269\u5c55\u8d44\u6599<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aH2O\u7684\u6469\u5c14\u8d28\u91cf=18g\/mol<\/p>\n
\u3002<\/p>\n
mmol\/L\uff1a\u7528\u5355\u4f4d\u4f53\u79ef\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u6240\u542b\u6eb6\u8d28\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u6eb6\u6db2\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u53eb\u8be5\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u6eb6\u8d28B\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u6469\/\u5347(mol\/L)\u6216<\/p>\n
\u6beb\u6469\/\u5347\uff08mmol\/L)\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1an(B)=c(B)\u00d7V(aq)<\/p>\n
\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f53\u79ef\u6d53\u5ea6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u548c\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u6d53\u5ea6\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u6c42\u51fa\u6eb6\u8d28\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
1Ug<\/p>\n
Vd=40IU1IUVd=0.025\u03bcg<\/p>\n
1IU\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20D=0.025ug\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20D3<\/p>\n
1IU<\/p>\n
Ve=1mg<\/p>\n
DL-a-\u751f\u80b2\u915a\u918b\u9178\u916f<\/p>\n
1mgDL-a-\u751f\u80b2\u915a=1.1IU<\/p>\n
Ve<\/p>\n
1mgD-a-\u751f\u80b2\u915a=1.49<\/p>\n
IU<\/p>\n
Ve<\/p>\n
1mgD-a-\u751f\u80b2\u915a\u918b\u9178\u916f=1.36<\/p>\n
IU<\/p>\n
Ve<\/p>\n
\u89e3\u51b3\u80cc\u5305\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u70b9\u51fb\u80cc\u5305\u683c\u5b50\uff0c\u7528\u94bb\u77f3\u6269\u5145\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u571f\u8c6a\u7684\u73a9\u6cd5<\/p>\n
\u8bbe\u7f6e\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n
1\uff1a\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u4eba\u7269\u7b49\u7ea7\u523080\u7ea7\uff0c\u6ca1\u670980\u7ea7\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
2\uff1a\u6253\u5f00\u5947\u8ff9\u52a9\u624b:\u5feb\u6377\u952e\u662fZ\uff0c\u6bcf5\u5206\u949f\u6263\u4e00\u6b21\u94b1\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n
3\uff1a\u7136\u540e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u591a\u5c11\u79d2\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f88\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4eba\u7269\u4f1a\u53d1\u5446\uff0c\u5f88\u4e45\u65f6\u95f4\u624d\u6253\u602a\u3002\u6211\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7ecf\u670b\u53cb\u63d0\u9192\u6539\u6210\u4e865\u79d2\u540e\uff0c\u6253\u602a\u4e3b\u52a8\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u4e0a\u5347!<\/p>\n
4\uff1a\u57fa\u672c\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u6211\u9009\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6b66\u5668\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u9009\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u653b\u51fb\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u5730\u65b9\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u9009\u5bf9\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u4e24\u4e2a\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u5c31\u662f\u602a\u591a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f60\u9009\u7fa4\u4f53\u4f24\u5bb3\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u6218\u58eb\u7c7b\u4f3c\u9739\u96f3\u56de\u65cb\u65a9\uff0c\u6cd5\u5e08\u9ed1\u9f99\u6ce2\u3002\u8bbe\u7f6e\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u51e0\u4e2a\u602a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7528\u7279\u6b8a\u6280\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u62d3\u5c55\u8d44\u6599<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u6361\u53d6\u7269\u54c1\u4ee5\u5730\u4e0a\u7269\u54c1\u663e\u793a\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5982\u4e0d\u80fd\u6361\u53d6\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u540d\u5b57\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u7531\u4e8e\u5947\u8ff9MU\u5b98\u65b9SeasonX\u7248\u672c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u65b0\u65e7\u5957\u88c5\u540d\u5b57\u6c49\u65af\u7684\u6216\u6c49\u65af\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u524d\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u6361\u53d6\u65f6\u4f1a\u6361\u53d6\u5230\u5f3a\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f1a\u5728SeasonX\u7248\u672c\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u6361\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5c5e\u6027\u7269\u54c1\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u8f93\u5165\u5177\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u7279\u5f81\u5b57\uff0c\u5982\u5927\u5929\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5251\u548c\u5927\u5929\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5f29\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e4b\u95f4\u5251\u548c\u5f29\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u8f93\u5165\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5251\u624d\u80fd\u53ea\u6361\u53d6\u5927\u5929\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5251\u3002<\/p>\n
\u80cc\u5305\u8981\u65f6\u5e38\u6e05\u7406\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u89e3\u6216\u51fa\u552e\uff0c\u6682\u65f6\u7528\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u80cc\u5305\u683c\u5b50\uff0c\u65e0\u5fe7\u4f20\u7426\u73a9\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u82b1\u8d39\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u94bb\u77f3\u6765\u6269\u5c55\u80cc\u5305\u548c\u4ed3\u5e93\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5f00\u542f\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\u6570\u91cf\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u94bb\u77f3\u4e5f\u5c31\u8d8a\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n
IOMMU(i\/omemorymanagementunit)\u3002iommu\u6709\u4e24\u5927\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u63a7\u5236\u8bbe\u5907dma\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u673a\u5668\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff08dmar\uff09\uff0c\u4e2d\u65ad\u91cd\u6620\u5c04\uff08intremap\uff09\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09<\/p>\n
1.1dma\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u6620\u5c04<\/p>\n
Iommu\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u4e3a\u8bbe\u5907dma\u65f6\u523b\u80fd\u591f\u8bbf\u95ee\u673a\u5668\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u533a\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6ca1\u6709Iommu\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u8fc7dma\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u4e0b\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u653e\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6001\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5668\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u9a71\u52a8\u6846\u67b6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e26\u6765\u6311\u6218\u3002\u5f53\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86iommu\u4ee5\u540e\uff0ciommu\u901a\u8fc7\u63a7\u5236\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907dma\u5730\u5740\u5230\u5b9e\u9645\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u6838\u9a71\u52a8\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6001\u9a71\u52a8\u80fd\u80fd\u591f\u5b8c\u5168\u64cd\u4f5c\u67d0\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907dma\u548c\u4e2d\u65ad\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u8fc7\u900f\u4f20\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u865a\u62df\u5316\u865a\u62df\u673a\u91cc\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u9a71\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u8bbe\u5907\u7684dma\u540e\uff0chypervisor\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u900f\u4f20\u8bbe\u5907dma\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u5bf9dma\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fdb\u884c\u622a\u83b7\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4e2ddma\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ahypervisor\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5206\u914d\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u865a\u62df\u673a\u900f\u4f20\u8bbe\u5907dma\u8bbf\u95ee\u505avpaddr(\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740)—->ppaddr\uff08\u7269\u7406\u673a\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u622a\u83b7\u5bf9\u865a\u62df\u673adma\u6765\u8bf4\u5e26\u6765\u5207\u6362\u5230hypervisor\u5f00\u9500\uff0chypervisor\u8f6c\u6362\u5730\u5740\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u5f15\u5165\u4e86iommu\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u5f00\u9500\u7531iommu\u786c\u4ef6\u627f\u62c5\uff0c\u6240\u6709hypervisor\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c31\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u900f\u4f20\u8bbe\u5907Iommudma\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u8868\u4f7f\u7528vpaddr—>ppaddr\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u8868\u5373\u53ef\uff08\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u8868\u5728hypervisor\u91cc\u914d\u7f6e\u5728ept\u4e2d\uff09<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e86\u8001\u5f0f32\u4f4dpci\u786c\u4ef6\u572864\u4f4d\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728iommu\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u8868\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e32bitpci\u8bbe\u5907dma\u5730\u5740–>64\u4f4d\u673a\u5668\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
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